BOSTON (AP) - One promise of ride-hailing companies like Uber and Lyft was a drop in the number of cars clogging city streets.
But recent studies in cities from Boston to New York to San Francisco suggest the opposite: that the companies are pulling riders off buses, subways and bicycles and putting them in cars instead.
A new wrinkle is a service by Uber called Express Pool that links riders in the same area who want to travel to similar destinations. Critics see it as directly competing with mass transit.
A study of traffic woes in London instead placed blame for congestion on construction and delivery trucks.
The companies have pushed back against the reports. They say ride-hailing is making it possible to reduce the number of personally owned cars on the roads.