One of the oldest and most respected alternative education methods is Montessori, created in 1907 by Dr. Maria Montessori. Montessori education differs from traditional education thanks to students' self-directed learning. Here, the teacher is more of a guide than a direct instructor. Hands-on learning through activities, highly accessible materials, and no standardized testing further distinguish this system from traditional environments with structured and pre-planned lessons.
Parents concerned about traditional education drawbacks may consider a Montessori private school or use other alternative teaching methods like homeschooling. A dive into research comparing Montessori education with traditional education shows modest advantages in academic and non-academic outcomes, from creativity to executive functioning.
What Is The Curriculum Like?
A Montessori classroom curriculum goes beyond books, since hands-on practical learning is the focus. Therefore, the learning space contains accessible materials for the child to choose from and activities to support them. Key areas of learning include:
- Practical life
- Sensory
- Language
- Mathematics
- Culture
Chloë Marshall of the University College London conducted a review of the evidence base for Montessori education, which discussed some activities and tools commonly used in the curriculum.
Early practical life activities may include:
- Gardening
- Washing dishes
- Preparing snacks
- Pouring items
- Using utensils
- Fastening and unfastening clothes
Sensory materials help young learners identify stimuli. The child should focus on one concept, from sound to sequencing.
These materials may include:
- A pink tower with ten cubes of various dimensions
- Sound boxes that vary in range from loud to soft when shaken.
Mathematics lessons may include:
- Counters
- A hanging bead stair
- A hundred board
Additionally, language learning involves sandpaper letters. Students can build oral skills through a supportive social structure, such as plenty of group time.
Can I Use It for Homeschooling?
If you prefer homeschooling, your child can still benefit from Montessori learning. Thanks to the Montessori Homeschool Curriculum from Multisori, parents and daycare providers can practice this learning ideology. Plus, the American Montessori Society encourages parents to incorporate these methods into home life, even if they're not homeschooling.
What Are Some Outcomes Based on Research?
Campbell Systematic Reviews published a 2023 review of 32 rigorous studies compiled from 19 different academic databases. These participants ranged in age levels from preschool to high school in eight countries.
Regarding Montessori learning outcomes, students performed 1/4 of a standard deviation better academically than those in traditional schools. However, the studies showed greater outcomes with nonacademic benefits. Here, the deviation was 1/3 higher compared to traditional counterparts.
The nonacademic outcomes measured include:
- Well-being at school
- Social skills
- Creativity
- Self-regulation/executive function
Potential Impact on Students of Color
A 2017 article from the Journal of Montessori Research examined various literature related to students of color at these schools. For example, some Montessori method benefits may have shown when Black Montessori third graders' reading and math skills outpaced traditional counterparts.
Latino Montessori students in a bilingual Montessori preschool program excelled faster in English and Spanish language acquisition than peers in a traditional bilingual program. Additionally, because Montessori education emphasizes respect, self-motivation, and problem-solving over traditional punishment, the article noted the method may help reduce the overuse of excessive discipline for students of color.
Noteworthy Alumni
While celebrities aren't an automatic measure of success, this alternative education system has several alumni who have excelled in various fields, including:
- Science
- Technology
- Literature
- Music
Past students include:
- Beyoncé Knowles Carter
- Taylor Swift
- Yo-Yo Ma
- Nobel Laureate novelist, Gabriel García Márquez
How Research Challenges Common Myths About Montessori Education
While many respect Montessori schools, there are still skeptics. Along with the skepticism, some myths, like chaotic classrooms and the system not being beneficial to older kids, have taken hold.
Myth: Mixed-age Groups Push Kids Too Quickly
Placing mixed age groups together isn't done haphazardly. It's often based on the corresponding level of development. The younger kids benefit from observing older students and receiving their support through mentorship. Then, as those younger kids age, they already have a leadership model to follow.
Myth: Transition to a Traditional School Is Difficult
There may be a reason for a child to transition to a traditional school after being in a Montessori environment. One of the benefits of the Montessori method is experience in conflict resolution and navigating relationships with their peers. Being able to work well with others and guide themselves can also help students excel in a more structured environment.
Frequently Asked Questions About Montessori Education
What Are the Five Core Principles of the Montessori Method?
This method focuses on:
- Respect for the child's capability
- The absorbent mind
- Sensitive periods of learning
- Child-focused environment
- Self-constructed education
How Do People Afford Montessori?
If a private Montessori education is too expensive, there are resources to help parents. Some schools offer financial aid or reduced tuition when you enroll more than one child.
Check for school vouchers, but be aware that schools don't have to accept them. Plus, vouchers may only cover part of the costs. You may also receive tax credits and deductions for private education in states, including Wisconsin, South Carolina, and Minnesota.
Do Kids with ADHD Do Well in Montessori?
One case study about a seven-year-old diagnosed with ADHD concluded that the flexibility and hands-on learning helped the student manage his symptoms, remain engaged, and gain confidence. However, he sometimes needed additional guidance from teachers to complete tasks and fit into the small group social structure.
Consider Montessori Education For Your Child
In conclusion, the education research comparison between Montessori education and traditional schooling has shown modest improvements in students' academic performance. However, greater improvements shine in non-academic skills, including creativity and self-control.
Plus, a Montessori education may benefit students who struggle to fit into a more traditional environment, such as those with ADHD. After all, children are naturally curious and enjoy touching things, which this alternative method highly encourages. Children learn to self-regulate and self-guide by exploring various materials, with encouragement to work with peers in group settings.
Therefore, children from different ethnic groups may also have better experiences in these schools or in a homeschooling environment. A more open environment can make it easier to incorporate their culture into activities than a standard traditional school allows.
Are you ready to consider alternative education to enhance or supplement your child's learning? Review our other helpful posts about education.
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